| 邹艳花,廖先珍,许可葵.2018年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析[J].中国肿瘤,2022,31(4):241-248. |
| 2018年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析 |
| Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Hunan Cancer Registration Areas in 2018 |
| 投稿时间：2021-11-24 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2022.04.A001 |
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| 中文关键词: 肿瘤登记 恶性肿瘤 发病率 死亡率 湖南 |
| 英文关键词:cancer registration cancer incidence mortality Hunan |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 分析湖南省肿瘤登记地区2018年恶性肿瘤的发病与死亡状况。［方法］ 收集2018年湖南省32个肿瘤登记点上报的恶性肿瘤发病与死亡资料，按照地区和性别分层计算湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤的发病与死亡粗率、中标率、世标率、年龄别率、0~74岁累积率。中标率采用2000年全国人口普查的标准人口构成进行计算，世标率采用Segi’s世界标准人口构成进行计算。［结果］ 2018年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤粗发病率为248.24/10万，中标率为172.27/10万，世标率为168.54/10万，0～74岁累积率为20.01%，男性粗发病率为272.71/10万，女性粗发病率为222.23/10万；城市地区恶性肿瘤粗发病率为285.51/10万，中标率为192.16/10万，世标率为188.83/10万，0～74岁累积率为22.55%，其中男性粗发病率为319.47/10万，女性粗发病率为251.26/10万；农村地区恶性肿瘤粗发病率为230.87/10万，中标率为162.85/10万，世标率为158.92/10万，0～74岁累积率为18.80%，其中男性粗发病率为251.72/10万，女性粗发病率为208.18/10万。男性恶性肿瘤发病率排列前5位的依次是肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、口腔癌。女性恶性肿瘤发病率排列前 5位的依次是乳腺癌、肺癌、宫颈癌、结直肠癌、肝癌。2018年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为154.50/10万，中标率为99.02/10万，世标率为98.40/10万，0～74岁累积率11.94%，男性粗死亡率为196.83/10万，女性粗死亡率为109.52/10万。城市地区恶性肿瘤死亡率为170.37/10万，中标率为105.52/10万，世标率为105.07/10万，0～74岁累积率为12.23%，其中男性粗死亡率为221.62/10万，女性粗死亡率为118.67/10万；农村地区恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为147.10/10万，中标率为96.03/10万，世标率为95.32/10万，0～74岁累积率为11.81%，男性粗死亡率为185.70/10万，女性粗死亡率为105.09/10万。男性恶性肿瘤死亡率排列前5位的依次是肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、食管癌；女性恶性肿瘤死亡率排列前5位的依次是肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌。［结论］ 肺癌、女性乳腺癌、结直肠癌、宫颈癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌等是湖南省肿瘤登记地区发病率和死亡率位居前列的病种，应作为湖南省重点防控的恶性肿瘤；女性乳腺癌和宫颈癌的发病率、死亡率均排在前5位，应作为女性重点防控的主要恶性肿瘤。口腔癌上升到男性发病率前5位，也应引起相应关注，及早采取措施加以防范。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：［Purpose］ To analyze the cancer incidence and mortality rates in Hunan cancer registration areas in 2018. ［Methods］ The data of cancer new cases and deaths were collected from 32 cancer registries in Hunan Province. After the data were stratified by area and gender， the crude incidence and mortality rate， age-standardized rate， age-specific rate， cumulative rate（0～74 years old） were calculated. Age-standardized rates were adjusted by Chinese standard population in 2000 and Segi’ s population(ASR China and ASR world). ［Results］ The crude cancer incidence rate in Hunan cancer registration areas was 248.24/105. The ASR China and ASR world were 172.27/105 and 168.54/105， respectively， with the cumulative incidence rate(0～74 years old) of 20.01%. The incidence was 272.71/105 in male and 222.23/105 in female. In urban areas， the crude incidence rate， ASR China， ASR world and the cumulative incidence rate(0～74 years old) were 285.51/105， 192.16/105， 188.83/105 and 22.55%， respectively. The crude incidence rate in urban areas was 319.47/105 in male and 251.26/105 in female. In rural areas， the crude incidence rate， ASR China， ASR world， and the cumulative incidence rate(0～74 years old) were 230.87/105， 162.85/105， 158.92/105 and 18.80%， respectively. The crude incidence rate in rural areas was 251.72/105 in male and 208.18/105 in female. The 5 most common cancers in male were lung cancer， liver cancer， colorectal cancer， gastric cancer and oral cancer， while those in female were breast cancer， lung cancer， cervical cancer， colorectal cancer and liver cancer. The crude mortality rate in Hunan cancer registration areas in 2018 was 154.50/105. The ASR China and ASR world were 99.02/105 and 98.40/105， respectively， with the cumulative mortality rate(0～74 years old) of 11.94%. The crude mortality rate was 196.83/105 in male and 109.52/105 in female. In urban areas， the crude mortality rate， ASR China and ASR world and the cumulative mortality rate(0～74 years old) were 170.37/105， 105.52/105， 105.07/105 and 12.23%， respectively. The crude mortality rate in urban areas was 221.62/105 in male and 118.67/105 in female. In rural areas， the crude mortality rate， ASR China and ASR world and the cumulative mortality rate(0～74 years old) were 147.10/105， 96.03/105， 95.32/105 and 11.81%， respectively. The crude mortality rate in rural areas was 185.70/105 in male and 105.09/105 in female. The 5 cancers with highest mortality in male were lung cancer， liver cancer， colorectal cancer， gastric cancer and esophagus cancer， while those in female were lung cancer， liver cancer， colorectal cancer， cervical cancer and breast cancer. ［Conclusion］ Lung cancer， female breast cancer， colorectal cancer， cervical cancer， liver cancer， gastric cancer and esophagus cancer are the most common cancers threatening people’s health in Hunan Ｐrovince. Since incidence and mortality of breast cancer and cervical cancer ranked the top 5 in female， and the incidence of oral cancer rose to the fifth place in male， more attentions should be paid and preventive measures should be taken to these cancers. |
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