| 陈万青,孙可欣,郑荣寿.2014年中国分地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析[J].中国肿瘤,2018,27(1):1-14. |
| 2014年中国分地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析 |
| Report of Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Different Areas of China，2014 |
| 投稿时间：2017-12-07 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2018.01.A001 |
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| 中文关键词: 肿瘤登记 发病率 死亡率 地区差异 中国 |
| 英文关键词:cancer registry incidence mortality geographical disparity China |
| 基金项目:科技部基础工作专项（2014FY121100）；中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程经费资助(2016-12M-2-004) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］根据2017年全国肿瘤登记中心收集的全国恶性肿瘤登记资料分析估计我国2014年东、中、西部地区恶性肿瘤的发病与死亡情况。［方法］ 按照全国肿瘤登记中心制定的审核方法和评价标准对全国上报2014年肿瘤登记数据的449个登记处数据进行评估，339个登记处的数据符合标准。将入选的登记处按地理位置（东部、中部、西部）、性别、年龄及不同肿瘤类型分层计算发病率和死亡率，结合2014年全国人口数据，估计全国恶性肿瘤发病、死亡情况。人口标准化率按照2000年中国标准人口结构（中标率）和Segi’s世界标准人口结构（世标率）进行计算。［结果］ 2014年纳入分析的339个登记处共覆盖登记人口288 243 347 人（其中男性146 203 891人，女性142 039 456 人）。据估计，全国2014年新发恶性肿瘤病例约380.4万例，死亡病例229.6万例。肿瘤发病率为278.07/10万，中标率为190.63/10万，世标率为186.53/10万；肿瘤死亡率为167.89/10万，中标率为106.98/10万，世标率为106.09/10万。东、中、西部地区的恶性肿瘤发病率分别为306.84/10万、273.42/10万、246.38/10万，世标率分别为192.60/10万、188.23/10万、175.93/10万；东、中、西部地区的恶性肿瘤死亡率为181.01/10万、167.31/10万、151.65/10万，世标率分别为104.48/10万、109.69/10万、103.79/10万。各地区肿瘤年龄别发病率、死亡率趋势相似。肺癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、肝癌在东、中、西部地区均较常见，东、西部地区女性乳腺癌较常见，中部地区食管癌较常见。东、中、西部地区主要肿瘤死因均为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和食管癌。［结论］ 我国东、中、西部地区肿瘤负担存在差异，应根据实际情况在不同地区有重点地开展肿瘤防治工作。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract： ［Purpose］ To estimate cancer incidence and mortality in different areas of China in 2014. ［Methods］ The cancer registry data of 2014 from 449 local cancer registries in China were collected，checked and assessed based on the criteria of data quality control of the National Central Cancer Registry(NCCR)，and data from 339 registries were qualified for the analysis. Cancer incidence and mortality rates stratified by geographical location(eastern，middle，western areas)，gender，age groups and cancer sites were calculated. Population data of 2014 was used to estimate cancer incidence and mortality in different areas of China. Chinese standard population in 2000 and Segi’s world population were used for age-standardized incidence and mortality rates. ［Results］ The 339 cancer registries covered a total of 288 243 347 population(including 146 203 891 males and 142 039 456 females). The estimates of new cancer cases and cancer deaths were 3.804 millions and 2.296 millions in 2014，respectively. The crude incidence rate was 278.07/105，age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population(ASIRC) and by world standard population(ASIRW) were 190.63/105 and 186.53/105，respectively. The crude cancer mortality was 167.89/105，age-standardized mortality by Chinese standard population(ASMRC) and by world standard population(ASMRW) were 106.98/105 and 106.09/105，respectively. The crude incidence rates in eastern，middle and western areas were 306.84/105，273.42/105 and 246.38/105，respectively；ASIRW were 192.60/105，188.23/105 and 175.93/105，respectively. The crude mortality rates in eastern，middle and western regions were 181.01/105，167.31/105 and 151.65/105，respectively；ASMRW were 104.48/105，109.69/105，103.79/105，respectively. Age-specific incidence and mortality rates were similar in different areas. Lung cancer，colorectal cancer，gastric cancer and liver cancer were common in all areas；female breast cancer was common in eastern and western areas；esophageal cancer was common in middle areas. Lung cancer，liver cancer，gastric cancer，colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer were common causes of cancer-related death in all areas. ［Conclusion］ Cancer patterns are different among different areas in China；and the cancer prevention and control programs should be implemented based on the specific situation in different areas. |
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