| 中文关键词: 肿瘤登记 恶性肿瘤 发病率 死亡率 中国 |
| 英文关键词:cancer registry malignant tumor incidence mortality China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 评估中国肿瘤登记地区2009年恶性肿瘤的发病与死亡情况。［方法］ 按照全国肿瘤登记中心制定的审核方法和评价标准对全国104个肿瘤登记处上报的2009年肿瘤登记数据进行评估，共72个登记处的数据入选，计算恶性肿瘤发病率、死亡率，前10位恶性肿瘤顺位、构成、累积率；人口标准化率根据全国1982年人口普查的人口结构和Segi’s世界人口结构为标准。［结果］ 2009年72个登记地区共覆盖人口85 470 522人（其中城市57 489 009人，农村27 981 513人），恶性肿瘤新发病例244 366例，肿瘤死亡病例154 310例。病理诊断比例为67.23%，只有死亡证明书比例为3.14%，死亡发病比为0.63。全部地区恶性肿瘤发病率为285.91/10万（男性317.97/10万，女性253.09/10万），中标发病率146.87/10万，世标发病率191.72/10万，累积率（0~74岁）为22.08%。城市地区发病率为303.39/10万，中标发病率150.31/10万；农村地区发病率为249.98/10万，中标发病率139.68/10万。全部地区恶性肿瘤死亡率为180.54/10万（男性224.20/10万，女性135.85/10万），中标死亡率85.06/10万，世标死亡率115.65/10万，累积死亡率（0~74岁）为12.94%。城市地区死亡率为181.86/10万，中标死亡率80.86/10万；农村地区死亡率为177.83/10万，中标死亡率94.40/10万。肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、食管癌、胰腺癌、脑瘤、淋巴瘤、女性乳腺癌和宫颈癌是中国常见的恶性肿瘤，约占全部新发病例的76.39%。肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、脑瘤、白血病和淋巴瘤是主要的肿瘤死因，约占全部肿瘤死亡病例的84.27%。［结论］ 中国城乡地区肿瘤负担差异明显，应根据实际情况有重点地开展防治工作。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract:［Purpose］ To evaluate cancer incidence and mortality in China in 2009. ［Methods］ On basis of the criteria of data quality from The National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR)，data were from 104 registries were evaluated. There were 72 registries’ data qualified and accepted for cancer registry annual report in 2009. Incidence and mortality stratefied by areas(urban/rural)，sex，age group and cancer site were analyzed. The top 10 common cancers in different groups，proportion and cumulative rate were calculated. Chinese population sensus in 1982 and Segi’s population were used for age-standardized incidence/mortality rates. ［Results］ All 72 cancer regis-tries covered a total of 85 470 522 population (57 489 009 in urban and 27 981 513 in rural areas). The total new cancer incident cases and cancer deaths were 244 366 and 154 310 respectively. The morphology verified cases accounted for 67.23%，death certifications only cases accounted for 3.14%，and mortality to incidence ratio was 0.63. The crude incidence in Chinese cancer registration areas was 285.91/105(males 317.97/105，females 253.09/105)，age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASR China) and by world standard population were 146.87/105 and 191.72/105 with the cumulative incidence rate(0~74 age years old) of 22.08%. The cancer incidence and ASR China were 303.39/105 and 150.31/105 in urban areas， whereas 249.98/105 and 139.68/105 in rural areas respectively. The cancer mortality in Chinese cancer regis-tration areas was 180.54/105(224.20/105 in males and 135.85/105 in females)，age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population and by world standard population were 85.06/105 and 115.65/105，and the cumulative incidence rate(0~74 age years old) was 12.94%. The cancer mortality and age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population were 181.86/105 and 80.86/105 in urban areas，whereas 177.83/105 and 94.40/105 in rural areas respectively. The most common cancers were lung cancer，gastric cancer，colorectal cancer，liver cancer，esophageal cancer，pancreatic cancer，encephaloma，lymphoma，female breast cancer and cervical cancer，which accounted for 76.39% of all cancer cases.Lung cancer，gastric cancer，liver cancer，esophageal cancer，colorectal cancer，pancreatic cancer，breast cancer，encephaloma，leukemia and lymphoma accounted for 84.27% of all cancer deaths.[Conclusion] As cancer burdens are markedly different between urban and rural areas in China，prevention and control should be implemented based on practical situation. |
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