徐源佑,张永辉,丁璐璐,等.1972—2021年江苏省启东市肾癌发病趋势和年龄-时期-队列分析[J].肿瘤学杂志,2026,32(4):335-342.
1972—2021年江苏省启东市肾癌发病趋势和年龄-时期-队列分析
Incidence Trend and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Renal Cell Carcinoma in Qidong City,Jiangsu Province from 1972 to 2021
投稿时间:2025-08-20  
DOI:10.11735/j.issn.1671-170X.2026.04.B009
中文关键词:  肾肿瘤  肿瘤登记  发病率  年龄-时期-队列分析  趋势分析  江苏
英文关键词:renal cell carcinoma  cancer registry  age-period-cohort analysis  incidence  trend analysis  Jiansu
基金项目:南通市卫生健康委员会科研课题(MS2023121)
作者单位
徐源佑 启东市人民医院/启东肝癌防治研究所/南通大学附属启东医院 
张永辉 启东市人民医院/启东肝癌防治研究所/南通大学附属启东医院 
丁璐璐 启东市人民医院/启东肝癌防治研究所/南通大学附属启东医院 
陈永胜 启东市人民医院/启东肝癌防治研究所/南通大学附属启东医院 
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中文摘要:
      摘 要:[目的] 分析1972—2021年启东市全人群肾癌病例发病趋势,并评估年龄-时期-队列效应。[方法] 使用来自启东市肿瘤登记系统1972—2021年肾癌发病资料,计算发病粗率(crude rate,CR)、中国人口标化率(age-standardized rate by Chinese standard population,ASRC)、世界人口标化率(age-standardized rate by world standard population,ASRW)等指标。采用Joinpoint 4.9.1.0软件进行趋势分析,计算肾癌发病率平均年度变化百分比(average annual percentage change,AAPC),采用年龄-时期-队列模型分析年龄、时期和队列效应。[结果] 启东市1972—2021年肾癌发病987例,占全部恶性肿瘤发病的0.67%。50年间肾癌CR为1.76/10万,ASRC为1.17/10万,ASRW为1.19/10万。CR、ASRC和ASRW的男女性别比分别为1.52、1.62和1.60。50年间肾癌ASRW的AAPC为4.42%(t=5.85,P<0.001),其中男性为4.63% (t=6.34,P<0.001),女性为4.14%(t=4.69,P=0.002),上升趋势均有统计学意义。年龄组发病率随年龄增长而不断升高,时间趋势分析显示35~44岁、45~54岁、55~64岁、65~74岁和75岁及以上年龄组发病率的AAPC分别为6.52%(t=2.86,P=0.021)、5.91%(t=5.27,P=0.001)、4.92%(t=4.92,P=0.001)、3.93%(t=4.10,P=0.003)和5.94%(t=3.21,P=0.012),上升趋势均有统计学意义。年龄-时期-队列分析中,净漂移值为3.74%(95%CI:2.58%~4.92%),局部漂移值在20~79岁各年龄组均呈上升趋势(95%CI均大于0)。年龄效应表现为40岁后各年龄组发病率快速上升,至75~79岁年龄组达峰值。时期效应以1992—1996年为参照组,2007—2011年、2012—2016年、2017—2021年的率比(rate ratio,RR)值分别为2.32、3.48和6.13(P均<0.05)。队列效应显示在2002年前,出生越晚RR值越高,至1997—2001年RR值最高为12.34。Wald χ2检验结果显示,肾癌发病率的净漂移、总年龄偏差、总时期偏差、总时期RR值和总队列RR值差异均存在统计学意义(P均<0.05)。[结论] 1972—2021年启东市全人群肾癌发病上升趋势明显。不同性别、年龄、时期和队列组间差异较大,应当继续重视尤其是针对重点人群开展肾癌的防治研究。
英文摘要:
      Abstract: [Objective] To analyze the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and to assess age-period-cohort effects in Qidong City from 1972 to 2021. [Methods] Data on RCC incidence in Qidong City from 1972 to 2021 were obtained from the Qidong Cancer Registry System. The crude rate(CR), age-standardized rate by the Chinese standard population (ASRC), and age-standardized rate by the world standard population (ASRW) were calculated. Temporal trend were analyzed using Joinpoint software(version 4.9.1.0) to determine the average annual percentage change(AAPC). An age-period-cohort model was applied to assess age, period, and cohort effects.[Results] A total of 987 RCC cases were reported in Qidong City from 1972 to 2021, accounting for 0.67% of all malignancies. Over the 50-year period, the CR was 1.76/105, ASRC was 1.17/105, and ASRW was 1.19/105. The male-to-female ratios for CR, ASRC, and ASRW were 1.52, 1.62, and 1.60, respectively. The AAPC of ASRW for RCC over 50 years was 4.42% (t=5.85, P<0.001), with 4.63% in males (t=6.34, P<0.001) and 4.14% in females (t=4.69, P=0.002), all showing statistically significant upward trends. Incidence rates increased with age across all age groups. Time trend analysis revealed statistically significant upward trends in AAPC for the 35~44 years old(6.52%, t=2.86, P=0.021), 45~54 years old(5.91%, t=5.27, P=0.001), 55~64 years old (4.92%, t=4.92, P=0.001), 65~74 years old (3.93%, t=4.10, P=0.003), and ≥75 years old (5.94%, t=3.21, P=0.012) age groups. Age-period-cohort analysis showed a net drift of 3.74% (95%CI: 2.58%~4.92%). Local drift values for all age groups aged 20~79 years old showed upward trends (all 95%CI>0). Age effects indicated that incidence increased rapidly after 40 years old, peaking in the age group of 75~79 years old. Using the 1992—1996 period as the reference, the relative risk(RR) for the 2007—2011, 2012—2016, and 2017—2021 periods were 2.32, 3.48, and 6.13, respectively(all P<0.05). Cohort effects showed that before 2002, RR increased with later birth cohorts, with the highest RR of 12.34 observed in the 1997—2001 birth cohort. Wald χ2 tests indicated statistically significant differences in net drift, total age deviation, total period deviation, total period RR, and total cohort RR for RCC incidence (all P<0.05). [Conclusion] The incidence of RCC in the general population of Qidong City increased significantly from 1972 to 2021, with notable variations by sex, age, period, and birth cohort. Targeted prevention and early detection strategies are warranted, especially for high-risk groups.
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