| 李曼莎,胡劲松,黄渊秀,等.2022年湖南省长沙市老年人恶性肿瘤流行特征及2018—2022年变化趋势分析[J].肿瘤学杂志,2026,32(3):232-241. |
| 2022年湖南省长沙市老年人恶性肿瘤流行特征及2018—2022年变化趋势分析 |
| Incidence and Mortality of Malignant Tumors in 2022 and Their Trends from 2018 to 2022 Among the Elderly in Changsha City of Hunan Province |
| 投稿时间：2025-07-31 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1671-170X.2026.03.B008 |
|
 |
| 中文关键词: 老年人 恶性肿瘤 发病率 死亡率 湖南 |
| 英文关键词:elderly malignant tumor incidence mortality Hunan |
| 基金项目: |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 33 |
| 全文下载次数: 8 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 分析2022年长沙市老年人恶性肿瘤发病与死亡情况，以及2018—2022年变化趋势。［方法］ 收集并整理长沙市肿瘤登记地区上报的肿瘤发病与死亡资料，2022年老年人（≥60岁）人口数为1 441 366人。采用SAS9.4软件按照城乡、性别分层，计算恶性肿瘤的发病率、死亡率、中国人口标准化率（中标率）、世界人口标准化率（世标率）。中标率和世标率分别采用2000年中国标准人口年龄构成、Segi世界标准人口年龄构成作为标准来计算。采用Joinpoint 4.9软件计算年度变化百分比（annual percentage change，APC）来分析发病、死亡变化趋势。［结果］ 2022年长沙市老年人恶性肿瘤发病率为1 172.22/10万，男性（1 457.83/10 万）高于女性（902.39/10万），城市（1 254.12/10万）高于农村（1 088.59/10万），中标发病率为1 129.82/10万，世标发病率为1 104.76/10万。2022年长沙市老年人死亡率为 864.74 /10万，男性（1 179.63/10 万）高于女性（567.23/10万），城市（928.81/10万）高于农村（799.30/10万），中标死亡率为783.44/10万，世标死亡率为 700.94/10万。2022年长沙市老年人恶性肿瘤年龄别发病率、死亡率总体随着年龄增长呈现上升趋势，年龄别发病率峰值出现在80~84岁年龄组，年龄别死亡率峰值出现在≥85岁年龄组。2022年长沙市老年人发病前5位癌种分别为：肺癌、结直肠肛门癌、女性乳腺癌、前列腺癌、宫颈癌；死亡前5位为肺癌、结直肠肛门癌、肝癌、前列腺癌、女性乳腺癌。2018—2022年发病率变化趋势比较平稳，但农村地区恶性肿瘤中标发病率呈上升趋势（APC=4.5%，P=0.032）。2018—2022年中标死亡率变化呈逐年上升趋势（APC=5.4%，P=0.010），男性中标死亡率上升幅度（APC=5.9%，P=0.005）略高于女性（APC=5.2%，P=0.019），农村中标死亡率呈逐年上升趋势（APC=6.8%，P=0.002），城市中标死亡率变化趋势无统计学意义（APC=4.0%，P=0.055）。2018—2022长沙市老年人恶性肿瘤发病前10位癌种中，脑及中枢神经系统肿瘤、淋巴瘤中标发病率呈上升趋势（P均<0.05），死亡前10位癌种中，肺癌、结直肠肛门癌、女性乳腺癌、淋巴瘤的中标死亡率呈上升趋势（P均<0.05）。［结论］ 2022年长沙市老年人恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率较高，特别是男性群体和城市地区。2018—2022年长沙市老年人恶性肿瘤死亡率呈逐年上升趋势，农村更为明显。长沙市老年人恶性肿瘤发病和死亡率较高的癌种为肺癌、结直肠肛门癌、肝癌、前列腺癌、女性乳腺癌和宫颈癌，应作为长沙市重点防控的癌种。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：［Objective］ To investigate the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors among the elderly in Changsha City of Human Province in 2022 and to analyze trends from 2018 to 2022. ［Methods］ Data on new cancer cases and deaths were collected from population-based cancer registries in Changsha City. The elderly population (aged≥60 years old) in 2022 was 1 441 366. Data were stratified by sex and area (urban/rural). Crude incidence and mortality rates， age-standardized rates ［using the 2000 Chinese standard population (ASIRC/ASMRC) and Segi’s world standard population (ASIRW/ASMRW)］， and age-specific rates were calculated. The Joinpoint Regression Program (version 4.9) was used to estimate the annual percentage change (APC) for trend analysis. ［Results］ In 2022， the crude incidence rate of malignant tumors among the elderly in Changsha City was 1 172.22/105， with higher rates in male (1 457.83/105) than that in female (902.39/105)， and in urban areas (1 254.12/105) than those in rural areas(1 088.59/105). The ASIRC and ASIRW were 1 129.82 and 1 104.76 /105， respectively. The crude mortality rate was 864.74/105， also higher in male(1 179.63/105) and urban areas (928.81/105). The ASMRC and ASMRW were 783.44/105 and 700.94/105， respectively. Age-specific incidence and mortality rates generally increased with age， peaking in the age groups of 80~84 and ≥85 years old， respectively. The top five incident cancers were lung cancer， colorectal and anal cancer， female breast cancer， prostate cancer， and cervical cancer. The top five causes of cancer death were lung cancer， colorectal and anal cancer， liver cancer， prostate cancer， and female breast cancer. From 2018 to 2022， the overall incidence trend was relatively stable， but a significant increase was observed in rural areas (APC for ASIRC=4.5%， P=0.032). Mortality rates showed a significant upward trend overall (APC for ASMRC=5.4%， P=0.010)， with a greater increase in male (APC=5.9%， P=0.005) and rural areas (APC=6.8%， P=0.002). Among the top 10 incident cancers， brain and central nervous system tumors and lymphomas showed significantly increasing trends in ASIRC (P<0.05). Among the top 10 fatal cancers， significant increases in ASMRC were observed for lung cancer， colorectal and anal cancer， female breast cancer， and lymphomas (P<0.05). ［Conclusion］ The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors among the elderly in Changsha were high in 2022， particularly among males and in urban areas. From 2018 to 2022， mortality rates increased significantly， especially in rural areas. Lung cancer， colorectal and anal cancer， liver cancer， prostate cancer， breast cancer， and cervical cancer should be prioritized in local cancer prevention and control efforts. |
|
在线阅读
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |