| 中文关键词: 肺癌 免疫治疗 免疫检查点抑制剂 PD-1/L1 CTLA-4 |
| 英文关键词:lung cancer immunotherapy checkpoint inhibitors PD-1/L1 CTLA-4 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（81774166，81973517）；上海市卫计委市级医疗卫生优秀学科带头人培养计划资助项目（2017BR044） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：目前免疫治疗在晚期肺癌的应用已经进入一线方案，尤其是肺癌的特异性免疫治疗进展迅速，如程序性死亡受体/配体-1（programmed death receptor 1/ligand 1，PD-1/L1）、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原-4（cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4，CTLA-4）、吲哚胺-2，3-双加氧酶（indoleamine2，3-dioxygenase，IDO）等检查点抑制剂先后进入临床试验或临床应用，且已证实具有明显生存获益，为肺癌的临床治疗带来了新的曙光，但在适宜人群和不良反应方面仍存在限制性，而且肺癌术后复发转移的防治仍有待深入研究。未来在双免疫药物的联合应用、新辅助免疫治疗、过继性免疫治疗、以及免疫和放化疗的结合方案优化等方向将是临床试验的热点，有望使肺癌的临床疗效得到进一步提高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：Currently，the therapeutic modalities for lung cancer include surgery，radiotherapy，chemotherapy，targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Immunotherapy used as the first-line treatment for advanced lung cancer has achieved breakthrough，and checkpoint inhibitors like PD-1/L1，CTLA-4，IDO have widely entered in clinical trials or clinical application. It demonstrated significant survival benefits and brought new hope for the treatment of lung cancer. However，there are still some restrictions in selecting suitable patients and adverse reactions，and the postoperative prevention of recurrence and metastasis need further investigation. In the future，the combination of dual immunotherapy，neoadjuvant immunotherapy and adoptive cell transfer therapy will be the hotspots，which may further improve the treatment efficacy of lung cancer. |
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