| 陈 杰,马承贤,何 侠.环状RNA与肿瘤：生物标志物和主要调节因子[J].肿瘤学杂志,2020,26(3):234-239. |
| 环状RNA与肿瘤：生物标志物和主要调节因子 |
| Circular RNA and Cancer：Biomarkers and Master Regulators |
| 投稿时间：2019-06-10 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1671-170X.2020.03.B014 |
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| 中文关键词: 环状RNA 生物标志物 非编码RNA 肿瘤 |
| 英文关键词:circular RNA biomarkers Non-coding RNA cancer |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(81702685，81672989)；博士后基金鼻咽癌（2018M632266）；江苏省卫生计生委科研课题（BJ16029） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：环状RNA（circRNA）是一类新近发现的调节RNA，具有结构稳定、高度保守及组织特异表达等性质，其长度大小不一，常见数十到数千碱基对。研究显示，circRNA可作为肿瘤基因表达的主要调节因子，常见的作用方式是充当分子海绵吸附微小RNAs（miRNAs）来调节基因的表达，还可以通过直接调节转录和干扰剪接机制来发挥作用，因而与肿瘤的发生发展关系十分密切。虽然与线性对应物相比丰度较低，但它们通常以组织和发育阶段特异性的方式表达，加上共价闭环结构对RNA酶活性的显著抗性，这使得circRNA作为肿瘤和其他疾病的新型生物标志物显示出巨大的应用前景。全文就circRNA形成机制、功能以及与肿瘤的相关性进行综述。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：Circular RNA(circRNA) is a novel class of regulatory RNA，with the characteristics of stable structure，highly conservative property and tissue-specific expression. The length varies from tens to thousands of base pairs. Studies have shown that circRNA can be used as a major regulator of tumor gene expression. A common mode of mechanism is to act as a molecular sponge to adsorb microRNAs(miRNAs) to regulate gene expression. They have also been demonstrated to function via direct modulation of transcription，and by interfering with splicing mechanisms. Therefore，it is closely associated with tumorigenesis. Although generally expressed in low abundance when compared to their linear counterparts，they are often expressed in a tissue and developmental stage specific manner. Coupled with their remarkable resistance to RNase activity due to a covalent closed cyclic structure，circRNA shows great promise as novel biomarkers of cancer and other diseases. This paper reviews their synthesis，function，and association with cancer. |
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