| 中文关键词: 胃肿瘤 PD-1 PD-L1 免疫治疗 不良反应 |
| 英文关键词:gastric cancer PD-1 PD-L1 immunotherapy adverse reactions |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：免疫治疗是通过机体激发自身T淋巴细胞特异性抗肿瘤反应来抑制肿瘤的发生发展。在Ｔ淋巴细胞膜的表面上，存在若干免疫检查点，如程序性细胞死亡蛋白1（programmed cell death-1，PD-1）和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原-4（cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4，CTLA-4），在正常情况下能抑制Ｔ细胞的功能。然而，免疫检查点抗体介导阻断了免疫检查点的抑制，从而导致T细胞的激活和增强抗肿瘤活性。多项免疫检查点抑制剂临床研究在胃癌的治疗中也有了相关的阴性或阳性结果，使得正在开展及待开展的临床研究结果备受关注。在免疫抑制剂带来获益的同时也造成了一些不可避免的不良反应，但在接受适当治疗后，大多数不良反应的疗程通常为2～4周转归。全文就免疫治疗在胃癌治疗中的现状和前景予以综述。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：Immunotherapy inhibits the development of tumors by stimulating the specific anti-tumor response of autologous T lymphocytes. On the surface of the T lymphocyte membrane，there are several immunological checkpoints，such as programmed cell death-1(PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4(CTLA-4)，which can inhibit T cell function under normal circumstances. However，the inhibition by immunological checkpoints can be blocked by antibodies，leading to T cell activation and enhanced anti-tumor activity. Clinical studies of multiple immunological checkpoint inhibitors have had negative or positive results in the treatment of gastric cancer. The benefits of immunosuppressant are companied with some unavoidable adverse reactions； after receiving appropriate treatment，most of the adverse reactions would lapse in 2 to 4 weeks. This article reviews the current status and prospects of immunotherapy for gastric cancer. |
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