| 刘华丽,胡伟国,宋启斌.免疫检测点阻滞剂治疗黑色素瘤的[J].肿瘤学杂志,2016,22(12):1062-1067. |
| 免疫检测点阻滞剂治疗黑色素瘤的 |
| Advances of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Treatment of Melanoma |
| 投稿时间：2016-02-25 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1671-170X.2016.12.B016 |
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| 中文关键词: 黑色素瘤 免疫检测点阻滞剂 CTLA-4 PD-1 |
| 英文关键词:melanoma immune checkpoint inhibitors CTLA-4 PD-1 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（81372407） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：免疫检测点是指免疫系统中存在的抑制性信号，对维持自身免疫耐受和调节生理情况下机体免疫反应的持续性和强度有重要作用。利用免疫检测点的抑制性信号通路抑制T细胞活性是肿瘤免疫逃逸的重要机制。阻断免疫检测点可有效增强机体内源性抗肿瘤免疫效应。目前越来越多的证据显示免疫检测点阻滞剂如抗细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原-4(CTLA-4)、程序性细胞死亡蛋白1(PD-1)等抗体在治疗黑色素瘤中有良好疗效。抗CTLA-4抗体伊匹单抗(ipilimumab)和抗PD-1抗体纳武单抗（nivolumab）与派姆单抗(pembrolizumab)已经获批用于黑色素瘤患者的治疗。文章将从作用机制、临床试验以及疗效预测3个方面总结现已报道在黑色素瘤患者中有疗效的免疫检测点阻滞剂，重点总结抗CTLA-4和PD-1单抗药物治疗黑色素瘤患者的临床研究。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：The immune checkpoint refers to a plethora of inhibitory pathways in the immune system，which plays a crucial role in maintaining self-tolerance and modulating the duration and amplitude of physiological immune responses. But the immune-checkpoint pathways are hijacked by tumors to circumvent effective anti-tumor immunity. The blockade of immune checkpoints can effectively activate anti-tumor immunity. To date，accumulating evidence indicates that monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the immune checkpoints，including cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death protein 1(PD-1) have demonstrated high activity in melanoma. Ipilimumab，an anti CTLA-4 antibody，as well as nivolumab and pembrolizumab，both anti PD-1 inhibitors，have been approved for the treatment of melanoma. In this review，we summarize the mechanism，clinical trials and response prediction of checkpoint inhibitors that have been reported be effective in treatment of melanoma，highlighting the anti-CTLA-4 and PD-1 agents. |
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