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| TOM20与TFAM在桥本甲状腺炎及甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达及临床意义 |
| Expression of TOM20 and TFAM in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Clinical Significance |
| 投稿时间：2026-01-14 修订日期：2026-03-24 |
| DOI： |
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| 中文关键词: 桥本甲状腺炎 甲状腺乳头状癌 线粒体蛋白 透射电子显微镜 细针穿刺细胞学 |
| 英文关键词:Hashimoto"s thyroiditis papillary thyroid carcinoma mitochondrion transmission electron microscope fine needle aspiration cytology |
| 基金项目:山东省自然科学基金面上项目（ZR2022MH053）；淄博市精准基因检测技术重点实验室开放课题项目（2021WL01KF01）；山东省医药卫生科技项目（202301040783） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| [目的]探讨线粒体外膜转位酶20（translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20, TOM20）与线粒体转录因子A（mitochondrial transcription factor A, TFAM）在正常甲状腺组织、桥本甲状腺炎（Hashimoto's thyroiditis, HT）及甲状腺乳头状癌（papillary thyroid carcinoma, PTC）组织中的表达特征。[方法]收集淄博市中心医院2024年11月至2025年11月经甲状腺手术切除的30例HT组织、30例PTC组织及30例正常甲状腺组织标本。通过透射电子显微镜观察线粒体超微结构，并利用Western blot、ELISA及免疫荧光染色技术检测各组TOM20与TFAM的表达水平。[结果]透射电子显微镜结果显示，HT组与PTC组甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞均存在线粒体结构损伤，表现为外膜溶解、基质水肿及嵴断裂，且PTC组损伤程度更为严重。Western blot、免疫荧光及ELISA结果均显示，HT组与PTC组中TOM20与TFAM的表达水平均较对照组显著降低，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；此外，Western blot及免疫荧光结果进一步表明，PTC组中TOM20与TFAM的表达水平均高于HT组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。[结论]HT与PTC均存在线粒体结构损伤及TOM20、TFAM表达下调，且HT组下调更为显著，提示线粒体功能障碍可能是二者共有的病理特征，其分子表达与损伤程度的差异有望作为鉴别诊断指标，应用于细针穿刺细胞学或组织学诊断。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective] To investigate the expression characteristics of translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOM20) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in normal thyroid tissues, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) tissues, and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues. [Methods] Tissue specimens, including 30 cases of HT, 30 cases of PTC, and 30 cases of normal thyroid tissues, were collected from patients who underwent thyroidectomy at Zibo Central Hospital between November 2024 and November 2025. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was observed using transmission electron microscopy, and the expression levels of TOM20 and TFAM in each group were detected by Western blot, ELISA, and immunofluorescence staining. [Results] Transmission electron microscopy revealed mitochondrial structural damage in thyroid follicular epithelial cells in both the HT and PTC groups, manifested as outer membrane dissolution, matrix edema, and cristae disruption, with more severe damage observed in the PTC group. Western blot, immunofluorescence, and ELISA results consistently showed that the expression levels of TOM20 and TFAM in both the HT and PTC groups were significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Furthermore, Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses further demonstrated that the expression levels of TOM20 and TFAM in the PTC group were significantly higher than those in the HT group, also with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). [Conclusion] Both HT and PTC exhibited mitochondrial structural damage and downregulation of TOM20 and TFAM expression, with more pronounced downregulation in the HT group. These findings suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction may be a shared pathological feature of both diseases, and the differences in molecular expression and the extent of damage may serve as potential differential diagnostic markers in fine?needle aspiration cytology or histology. |
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