| Abstract: [Objective] To analyze the results of esophageal cancer endoscopic screening in the early diagnosis and treatment project in Langzhong City, Sichuan Province from 2017 to 2023, and provide a basis for optimizing prevention and control strategies in high-incidence areas. [Methods] A cluster sampling method was adopted to select permanent residents aged 40-69 years in the area for endoscopic iodine staining. Pathological biopsy was performed on suspicious lesions. The detection rate of lesions, early diagnosis rate, and their distribution characteristics by gender, age, and year were analyzed. [Results] A total of 19,977 people were screened, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.44 and an average age of (56.26 ± 7.56) years. The biopsy rate was 35.18% (7,028/19,977). A total of 992 people were detected with precancerous lesions of the esophagus, with a detection rate of 4.97% (992/19,977). There were 349 positive cases, with a detection rate of 1.75% (349/19,977), and 317 early cases, with a detection rate of 1.59% (317/19,977). The early diagnosis rate was 90.31% (317/349). The detection rates of all levels of lesions (low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, early cancer, and advanced cancer) in men were higher than those in women (P < 0.001). From 2017 to 2023, the detection rates of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and early cancer showed a fluctuating downward trend. The detection rates of all types of lesions increased with age, especially in people over 50 years old, where the detection rates of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer showed a rapid upward trend (P < 0.001). [Conclusion] The early diagnosis and treatment project for esophageal cancer in Langzhong City has achieved remarkable results, with an early diagnosis rate at a relatively high level in China. Men and people over 50 years old are high-risk groups for esophageal cancer and should be the focus of future screening and health education. |
