| 张 骥,周 婕,李 凌,等.2014—2022年贵州省肿瘤登记地区主要消化系统恶性肿瘤发病特征及趋势分析[J].中国肿瘤,2026,35(8):613-625. |
| 2014—2022年贵州省肿瘤登记地区主要消化系统恶性肿瘤发病特征及趋势分析 |
| Incidence Trends of Major Digestive System Cancer in Guizhou Cancer Registration Areas from 2014 to 2022 |
| 投稿时间：2026-03-02 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2026.08.A005 |
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| 中文关键词: 消化系统恶性肿瘤 发病率 食管癌 胃癌 结直肠癌 肝癌 胆囊癌 胰腺癌 变化趋势 贵州 |
| 英文关键词:digestive system neoplasms incidence esophageal cancer gastric cancer colorectal cancer liver cancer gallbladder cancer pancreatic cancer temporal trends Guizhou |
| 基金项目:贵州省卫生健康委培育在西南地区有影响力的重点优势学科；贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金（gzwkj2025-525）；贵州省疾病预防控制中心新技术新方法（2024-E-15技） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 分析2014—2022年贵州省肿瘤登记地区主要消化系统恶性肿瘤发病流行状况及变化趋势。［方法］ 使用贵州省肿瘤登记平台收集2014—2022年主要消化系统恶性肿瘤（包括食管癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、胆囊癌和胰腺癌）发病资料，分年龄、性别、城乡计算其粗发病率及中国人口标化发病率（简称中标发病率）。应用Joinpoint 5.0.2分析主要消化系统恶性肿瘤粗发病率及中标发病率的变化趋势，计算平均年度变化百分比（average annual percentage change，AAPC）及其95%置信区间（confidence interval，CI）。［结果］ 贵州省肿瘤登记地区2014—2022年主要消化系统恶性肿瘤新发病例共97 809例，2014年和2022年的粗发病率分别为66.74/10万和68.65/10万，中标发病率分别为54.11/10万和45.35/10万。2014—2022年贵州省主要消化系统恶性肿瘤各年度男性粗发病率及中标发病率均高于女性，除2022年外，各年度农村地区粗发病率及中标发病率均高于城市地区，其整体（AAPC=-2.12%，95%CI：-4.12%~-0.08%，P=0.042）、男性（AAPC=-1.59%，95%CI：-3.00%~-0.16%，P=0.029）、农村地区（AAPC=-4.94%，95%CI：-6.75%~-3.10%，P<0.001）中标发病率均呈下降趋势。2014—2022年胃癌和肝癌的整体及不同性别、不同地区中标发病率均呈下降趋势（P均<0.05）；胆囊癌整体、女性及农村地区中标发病率呈上升趋势（P均<0.05）；食管癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌整体、不同性别、不同地区中标发病率的变化趋势无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。［结论］ 贵州省主要消化系统恶性肿瘤发病总体呈下降趋势，胃癌、肝癌的发病率逐年下降，胆囊癌的发病率逐年升高。应对女性、老年人、农村地区人群等重点群体开展针对性防控措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：［Purpose］ To analyze the incidence trends of major digestive system cancer in Guizhou cancer registration areas from 2014 to 2022. ［Methods］ Incidence data for major digestive system cancers were obtained from the Guizhou Cancer Registry Platform for the period 2014—2022. Crude incidence rates (CIR) and age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) were calculated by age， sex， and urban-rural residence. Joinpoint 5.0.2 software was used to compute the average annual percentage change (AAPC) with 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate trends in CIR and ASIRC. ［Results］ A total of 97 809 new cases of major digestive system cancer were recorded during 2014—2022. The CIR increased from 66.74/105 in 2014 to 68.65/105 in 2022， while the ASIRC decreased from 54.11/105 to 45.35/105 over the same period. Males had higher CIR and ASIRC than females in each year. Except for 2022， rural areas had higher rates than urban areas. The overall ASIRC showed a declining trend (AAPC=-2.12%， 95%CI： -4.12%--0.08%， P=0.042)， as did the ASIRC among male (AAPC=-1.59%， 95%CI： -3.00%--0.16%， P=0.029) and in rural areas (AAPC=-4.94%， 95%CI： -6.75%--3.10%， P<0.001). The overall and sex- and region-specific ASIRC for gastric and liver cancers all decreased significantly(both P<0.05). In contrast， the overall ASIRC for gallbladder cancer increased， with significant rises observed among female and in rural areas (both P<0.05). No statistically significant trend was observed for esophageal， colorectal， or pancreatic cancers overall or by sex or region (all P>0.05). ［Conclusion］ The overall incidence of major digestive system cancer in Guizhou declined during 2014—2022， driven by decreasing rates of gastric and liver cancers， while gallbladder cancer incidence increased annually. Targeted prevention and control measures should be implemented for key populations， particularly women， the elderly， and rural residents. |
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