| 陈 谦,李秋林,曹 骥,等.2022年广西肿瘤登记地区鼻咽癌发病与死亡特征及2018—2022年变化趋势分析[J].中国肿瘤,2026,35(8):597-604. |
| 2022年广西肿瘤登记地区鼻咽癌发病与死亡特征及2018—2022年变化趋势分析 |
| Incidence and Mortality of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Guangxi Cancer Registration Areas in 2022， and Trends from 2018 to 2022 |
| 投稿时间：2026-06-01 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2026.08.A003 |
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| 中文关键词: 鼻咽癌 发病率 死亡率 趋势 广西 |
| 英文关键词:nasopharyngeal carcinoma incidence mortality trends Guangxi |
| 基金项目:广西自然科学基金（2024GXNSFBA010031，2026GXNSFAA00640349）；广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题（Z-A20230743） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 分析2022年广西肿瘤登记地区鼻咽癌发病、死亡特征及2018—2022年变化趋势。［方法］ 基于广西肿瘤登记资料，按《国际疾病分类》第10版编码C11提取2018—2022年鼻咽癌新发、死亡病例及同期人口资料，计算粗率、中国人口标准化率（简称中标率）、世界人口标准化率（简称世标率）及0～74岁累积率，并按性别、城乡和年龄分层分析；采用Joinpoint回归模型估计中标率的平均年度变化百分比（average annual percentage change，AAPC）及95%置信区间（confidence interval，CI）。［结果］ 2022年广西肿瘤登记地区新发鼻咽癌4 560例，粗发病率为9.09/10万，中标发病率为7.50/10万；死亡2 581例，粗死亡率为5.14/10万，中标死亡率为3.84/10万。男性发病和死亡水平均高于女性，男性中标发病率和中标死亡率分别为女性的2.40倍和3.25倍；农村中标发病率和中标死亡率均略高于城市。年龄别发病率于55~59岁组达到峰值，死亡率于70~74岁组达到峰值。2018—2022年广西肿瘤登记地区鼻咽癌中标发病率显著下降，AAPC为-5.20%（95%CI：-7.99%～-2.32%，P=0.011）。城市、男性和女性鼻咽癌中标发病率亦显著下降；男性鼻咽癌中标死亡率显著下降，AAPC为-5.35%（95%CI：-10.28%～-0.14%，P=0.047）。［结论］ 广西鼻咽癌疾病负担仍较高，男性、农村居民及中老年人群负担更突出。2018—2022年中标发病率呈显著下降趋势，中标死亡率总体变化趋势平稳，应持续强化高危人群干预、早诊早治和农村防控与诊疗同质化。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：［Purpose］ To analyze the incidence and mortality of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Guangxi cancer registration areas in 2022 and temporal trends from 2018 to 2022. ［Methods］ Data from Guangxi cancer registries included in the China Cancer Registry Annual Report were used. Incident cases and deaths coded as C11 according to the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases， together with corresponding population data from 2018 to 2022， were extracted. Crude rates， age-standardized rates by the Chinese standard population (ASIRC，ASMRC)， age-standardized rates by the world standard population (ASIRW，ASMRW)， and cumulative rates from 0 to 74 years old were calculated and stratified by sex， residence (urban/rural)， and age group. Joinpoint regression was used to estimate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the ASIRC and ASMRC. ［Results］ In 2022， 4 560 incident cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were reported in Guangxi cancer registration areas， with a crude incidence rate of 9.09/105 and an ASIRC of 7.50/105. A total of 2 581 deaths were reported， with a crude mortality rate of 5.14/105 and an ASMRC of 3.84/105. Incidence and mortality rates were higher in male than in female， with male-to-female ratios of 2.40 for ASIRC and 3.25 for ASMRC. Rural areas had slightly higher ASIRC and ASMRC than urban areas. Age-specific incidence peaked in the age group of 55-59 years old， while mortality peaked in the age group of 70-74 years old. From 2018 to 2022， the overall ASIRC decreased significantly， with an AAPC of -5.20% (95%CI： -7.99%--2.32%， P=0.011). The ASIRC in urban areas， male， and female also decreased significantly， while the rate in rural areas showed a downward trend but did not reach statistical significance. The ASMRC in male decreased significantly， with an AAPC of -5.35% (95%CI： -10.28%--0.14%， P=0.047). ［Conclusion］ Nasopharyngeal carcinoma remains a high-burden cancer in Guangxi， particularly among males， rural residents， and middle-aged and older populations. From 2018 to 2022， the ASIRC showed a significant decline， whereas the ASMRC showed a downward trend， but the statistical evidence was insufficient. Continuous interventions for high-risk populations， early detection and treatment， and standardized prevention and treatment services in rural areas are needed. |
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