| 张博雅,张耀光,王晓旭,等.2015—2023年中国肺癌经济负担趋势分析[J].中国肿瘤,2026,35(5):343-353. |
| 2015—2023年中国肺癌经济负担趋势分析 |
| Trend of the Economic Burden of Lung Cancer in China from 2015 to 2023 |
| 投稿时间：2026-01-28 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2026.05.A002 |
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| 中文关键词: 肺癌 经济负担 疾病负担 人力资本法 住院费用 |
| 英文关键词:lung cancer economic burden disease burden human capital approach hospita-lization cost |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 分析2015—2023年中国肺癌患者的直接医疗经济负担和间接经济负担，为优化肺癌防控策略及合理配置卫生资源提供科学依据。［方法］ 基于国家死亡监测系统和国家肿瘤登记系统获取肺癌死亡数据和肺癌死亡发病比，按年龄、性别和地区分层估算2015—2023年间中国肺癌的伤残调整寿命年。利用全国住院病案首页的住院数据计算人均肺癌住院费用，进而估算肺癌直接医疗经济负担；采用人力资本法估算肺癌的间接经济负担。［结果］ 2015—2023年，肺癌患者人均住院费用年均增长6.10%，其中腺癌患者人均住院费用最高，手术费（10.38%）和医用耗材费（6.25%）增长显著，该趋势在女性患者中更为突出，住院费用结构呈现由药品主导型向技术与耗材主导型的转变。2015—2023 年，全国肺癌直接医疗经济负担呈增长趋势，年均增长18.68%，2023年人均直接医疗经济负担达33 351.27元；间接经济负担呈增长趋势，年均增长 6.08%，而人均间接经济负担呈下降趋势。女性直接医疗经济负担增长幅度显著高于男性（23.32% vs 11.95%）；间接经济负担方面，男性人群绝对水平高于女性，但女性人群增速更快。60 岁及以上人群承担的直接医疗经济负担最高，45~59 岁劳动年龄人群的间接经济负担最高；女性各年龄组直接医疗经济负担增长率均高于男性，尤以 45 岁以下女性组最高（40.62%）。东部地区疾病经济负担绝对水平最重，中西部地区直接医疗经济负担增速较快，西部地区间接经济负担增速最快。［结论］ 2015—2023年，中国肺癌的经济负担显著上升，其中直接医疗费用增长尤为突出，且费用结构持续向手术、耗材等高技术医疗服务转移。性别与区域差异尤为显著，女性及东部地区住院人群面临更重的经济负担。未来需推动防控策略精准化与区域均衡发展，以应对持续上涨的医疗成本，保障肺癌防治体系的经济可持续性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract： ［Purpose］ To analyze the direct medical economic burden and indirect economic burden of lung cancer patients in China from 2015 to 2023， and to provide a scientific basis for optimizing lung cancer prevention and control strategies and rationally allocating health resources. ［Methods］ Data on lung cancer mortality and mortality-to-incidence ratio(MIR) were obtained from the National Mortality Surveillance System and the National Cancer Registry System. The disability-adjusted life years(DALY) of lung cancer in China from 2015 to 2023 were estimated stratified by age， sex and region. The per capita hospitalization cost of lung cancer was calculated using inpatient data from the national home pages of inpatient medical records， based on which the directmedical economic burden of lung cancer was estimated. The human capital approach was applied to estimate the indirect economic burden of lung cancer. ［Results］ From 2015 to 2023， the per capita hospitalization cost of lung cancer patients increased at an average annual rate of 6.10%. Among them， adenocarcinoma patients had the highest per capita hospitalization cost， with a significant growth in surgery fees (10.38%) and medical consumables fees (6.25%). This trend was more prominent among female patients， and the structure of hospitalization costs shifted from a medicine-dominated pattern to a technology and consumables-dominated pattern. The national direct medical economic burden of lung cancer showed a upward trend from 2015 to 2023， with an average annual growth rate of 18.68%. The per capita direct medical burden reached 33 351.27 CNY. The total indirect economic burden also increased， with an average annual growth rate of 6.08%， while the per capita indirect economic burden showed a downward trend. The growth rate of direct medical economic burden was significantly higher in females than in males (23.32% vs 11.95%). For the indirect economic burden， the absolute level was higher in the male population than in the female population， while the growth rate was faster in the female population. The population aged 60 years old and above bore the highest direct medical economic burden， and the working-age population aged 45~59 years old had the highest indirect economic burden. The growth rate of direct medical economic burden in all female age groups was higher than that in male counterparts， especially in the female group under 45 years old (40.62%). The eastern region had the heaviest absolute level of disease economic burden， the central and western regions had a faster growth rate of direct medical economic burden， and the western region had the fastest growth rate of indirect economic burden. ［Conclusion］ From 2015 to 2023， the economic burden of lung cancer in China has increased significantly， especially the direct medical cost. Meanwhile， the inpatient cost structure has continuously shifted to high-tech medical services such as surgery and consumables. Gender and regional disparities are particularly prominent， with females and the population in the eastern region facing a heavier economic burden. Future efforts should promote the precision of prevention and control strategies and balanced regional development， so as to address the continuously rising medical costs and ensure the economic sustainability of the lung cancer prevention and treatment system. |
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