| 陈友兰,林艺兰,池家煌.2012—2021年福建省厦门市三大妇科恶性肿瘤流行情况及生存分析[J].中国肿瘤,2026,35(3):208-217. |
| 2012—2021年福建省厦门市三大妇科恶性肿瘤流行情况及生存分析 |
| The Epidemic Situation and Survival Analysis of the Three Major Gynecological Cancers in Xiamen， Fujian Province from 2012 to 2021 |
| 投稿时间：2025-07-10 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2026.03.A006 |
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| 中文关键词: 宫颈癌 子宫体癌 卵巢癌 发病率 死亡率 相对生存率 中位生存时间 变化趋势 福建 |
| 英文关键词:cervical cancer uterine corpus cancer ovarian cancer incidence rate mortality rate relative survival rate median survival time changing trend Fujian |
| 基金项目:中华预防医学会老年健康体检队列和重大慢病专病数据库建设与应用研究项目（JKCLPJ202501002）；厦门市卫生健康高质量发展科技计划重大科研专项孵育项目（2024GZL-ZDFY01）；厦门市卫生健康高质量发展科技计划医学创新课题（2024GZL-CX34） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 分析2012—2021年福建省厦门市三大妇科恶性肿瘤（宫颈癌、子宫体癌和卵巢癌）的流行特征及生存情况。［方法］ 通过福建省肿瘤登记信息直报平台和国家人口死亡信息登记系统，连续收集 2012—2021 年厦门市宫颈癌、子宫体癌和卵巢癌的发病和死亡数据，计算粗发病（死亡）率、中国人口标化发病（死亡）率（简称中标率）和世界人口标化发病（死亡）率（简称世标率）等，运用 Joinpoint 模型计算年度变化百分比（annual percentage change，APC）和平均年度变化百分比（average annual percentage change，AAPC）分析变化趋势，并计算5年相对生存率。［结果］ 2012—2021年厦门市宫颈癌、子宫体癌、卵巢癌分别发病1 479、1 086、800例，发病年龄中位数分别为51.0、54.0、53.0岁，年均粗发病率分别为12.96/10万、9.52/10万、7.01/10万，中标发病率分别为10.35/10万、7.48/10万、5.66/10万，世标发病率分别为9.72/10万、7.30/10万、5.45/10万。10年间宫颈癌和卵巢癌的中标发病率均无明显变化趋势（AAPC=-1.70%，P=0.454；AAPC=3.95%，P=0.081），而子宫体癌中标发病率呈明显上升趋势（AAPC=6.81%，P=0.005）。2012—2021年宫颈癌、子宫体癌、卵巢癌分别死亡441、214、348例，死亡年龄中位数分别为55.0、61.5、60.0岁，年均粗死亡率分别为3.87/10万、1.88/10万、3.05/10万，中标死亡率分别为3.01/10万、1.42/10万、2.35/10万，世标死亡率分别为2.90/10万、1.41/10万、2.32/10万。10年间宫颈癌、子宫体癌、卵巢癌中标死亡率均无明显变化趋势（AAPC=-1.00%，P=0.625；AAPC=-0.64%，P=0.758；AAPC=0.77%，P=0.599），但2019—2021年间宫颈癌和卵巢癌中标死亡率均呈明显下降趋势（APC=-4.14%，P=0.046；APC=-4.91%，P=0.042）。2012—2016年和2017—2021年宫颈癌患者5年相对生存率分别为66.87%（95%CI：62.96%～70.49%）和76.81%（95%CI：73.24%～79.99%），子宫体癌患者5年相对生存率分别为75.81%（95%CI：70.74%～80.19%）和87.93%（95%CI：84.79%～90.53%），卵巢癌5年相对生存率分别为48.98%（95%CI：43.33%～54.40%）和60.68%（95%CI：54.86%～66.02%）。从不同年龄组看，宫颈癌、子宫体癌、卵巢癌患者5年相对生存率随年龄增长均呈下降趋势。宫颈癌、子宫体癌、卵巢癌的中位生存时间分别为17.00、14.50、17.00个月，宫颈癌和卵巢癌的中位生存时间均呈明显上升趋势（H=34.139，P＜0.001；H=21.980，P=0.009），子宫体癌中位生存时间未见明显变化趋势（H=5.078，P=0.827）。［结论］ 2012—2021年，厦门市宫颈癌和卵巢癌防控已初见成效，但子宫体癌疾病负担呈逐年加重趋势。在妇科癌症防治工作中，应重点结合子宫体癌的流行特点，积极探索适宜防治措施，在不断优化医疗卫生资源配置、提升医疗卫生服务水平的基础上，针对子宫体癌重点高危人群加强危险因素一级预防，持续做好重点人群健康管理。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：［Purpose］ To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and survival status of the three major gynecological cancers (cervical cancer， uterine corpus cancer， and ovarian cancer) in Xiamen City， Fujian Province from 2012 to 2021. ［Methods］ Incidence and mortality data of cervical cancer， uterine corpus cancer， and ovarian cancer in Xiamen City from 2012 to 2021 were continuously collected through the Fujian Provincial Tumor Registration Information Direct Reporting Platform and the National Population Death Information Registration System. Indicators such as crude incidence (mortality) rate， age-standardized incidence(mortality) rate by Chinese standard population (ASIRC/ASMRC)， as well as age-standardized incidence (mortality) rate by world standard population (ASIRW/ASMRW) were calculated. The Joinpoint model was used to compute the annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) for trend analysis. The 5-year relative survival rates was also analyzed. ［Results］ From 2012 to 2021， 1 479 cases of cervical cancer， 1 086 cases of uterine corpus cancer and 800 cases of ovarian cancer occurred in Xiamen， with the median age of 51.0， 54.0 and 53.0 years old， respectively. The average annual crude incidence rate was 12.96/105， 9.52/105 and 7.01/105， respectively. The ASIRC was 10.35/105， 7.48/105， and 5.66/105， respectively. The ASIRW was 9.72/105， 7.30/105 and 5.45/105， respectively. Over the 10-year period， no significant trends were observed in the ASIRC of cervical cancer (AAPC=-1.70%， P=0.454) and ovarian cancer (AAPC=3.95%， P=0.081)， while the ASIRC of uterine corpus cancer showed a significant upward trend (AAPC=6.81%， P=0.005). A total of 441 deaths from cervical cancer， 214 from uterine corpus cancer， and 348 from ovarian cancer were recorded， with median age of 55.0， 61.5， and 60.0 years old， respectively. The average annual crude mortality rates were 3.87/105， 1.88/105， and 3.05/105， respectively. The ASMRC were 3.01/105， 1.42/105， and 2.35/105， respectively. The ASMRW were 2.90/105， 1.41/105， and 2.32/105， respectively. No significant trends were found in the ASMRC of the three cancers (cervical cancer： AAPC=-1.00%， P=0.625； uterine corpus cancer： AAPC=-0.64%， P=0.758； ovarian cancer： AAPC=0.77%， P=0.599). However， the ASMRC of cervical cancer (APC=-4.14%， P=0.046) and ovarian cancer (APC=-4.91%， P=0.042) decreased significantly during 2019—2021. The 5-year relative survival rates of cervical cancer patients were 66.87% (95%CI： 62.96%~70.49%) during 2012—2016 and 76.81% (95%CI： 73.24%~79.99%) during 2017—2021； for uterine corpus cancer patients， they were 75.81% (95%CI： 70.74%~80.19%) and 87.93% (95%CI： 84.79%~90.53%)； for ovarian cancer patients， they were 48.98% (95%CI： 43.33%~54.40%) and 60.68% (95%CI： 54.86%~66.02%). Across different age groups， the 5-year relative survival rates of the three cancers all showed a downward trend with increasing age. The median survival times were 17.00， 14.50， and 17.00 months for cervical cancer， uterine corpus cancer， and ovarian cancer， respectively. Significant upward trends were observed in the median survival times of cervical cancer (H=34.139， P<0.001) and ovarian cancer (H=21.980， P=0.009)， while no significant change was seen for uterine corpus cancer (H=5.078， P=0.827). ［Conclusion］ During 2012—2021， prevention and control of cervical cancer and ovarian cancer in Xiamen have achieved initial results， but the disease burden of uterine corpus cancer is increasing year by year. In the prevention and treatment of gynecological cancers， efforts should focus on the epidemiological characteristics of uterine corpus cancer， actively explore appropriate prevention and treatment measures， continuously optimize the allocation of medical and health resources， improve the level of medical and health services， strengthen primary prevention of risk factors for key high-risk groups of uterine corpus cancer， and continuously enhance health management for key populations. |
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