| 伊可欣,郄然然,刘 茵,等.2020年河南省恶性肿瘤发病与死亡特征及2010—2020年趋势分析[J].中国肿瘤,2025,34(11):829-837. |
| 2020年河南省恶性肿瘤发病与死亡特征及2010—2020年趋势分析 |
| Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Henan Province in 2020 and Trends from 2010 to 2020 |
| 投稿时间：2025-07-07 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2025.11.A001 |
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| 中文关键词: 恶性肿瘤 发病率 死亡率 趋势分析 河南 |
| 英文关键词:Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Henan Province in 2020 and Trends from 2010 to 2020 |
| 基金项目:健康浙江百万人群队列（K纵20230085）；国家自然科学基金（82273700） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 分析河南省2020年恶性肿瘤流行现状及2010—2020年变化趋势。［方法］ 收集河南省各肿瘤登记处2010—2020年上报数据，经质量控制后分城乡、性别及年龄计算登记人群的发病率和死亡率，结合河南省统计局公布的人口数据估计2020年全省恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况。人口标化率按照2000年全国普查标准人口年龄构成（中标率）和Segi世界标准人口年龄结构（世标率）进行计算，2010—2020年恶性肿瘤变化趋势使用Joinpoint 5.4.0软件构建回归模型分析，计算平均年度变化百分比（average annual percentage change，AAPC）及95%置信区间。［结果］ 2020年河南省恶性肿瘤新发病例数估计为299 148例，粗发病率为259.38/10万，中标发病率为201.09/10万（男性204.56/10万，女性200.45/10万），世标发病率为196.46/10万（男性203.43/10万，女性192.22/10万）。城市地区中标发病率（208.10/10万）高于农村地区（197.74/10万）。男性发病顺位前5位依次是肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌和结直肠癌，女性发病顺位前5位依次是乳腺癌、肺癌、甲状腺癌、宫颈癌和食管癌。2020年河南省恶性肿瘤死亡病例数估计为172 070例，粗死亡率为149.20/10万，中标死亡率为106.52/10万（男性137.22/10万，女性78.04/10万），世标死亡率为106.24/10万（男性137.05/10万，女性77.91/10万）。农村地区中标死亡率（109.92/10万）高于城市地区（99.49/10万）。男性死亡顺位前5位分别为肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌和结直肠癌，女性分别为肺癌、食管癌、胃癌、肝癌和乳腺癌。2010—2020年间，恶性肿瘤中标发病率基本保持稳定（AAPC=0.14%，P=0.572），而中标死亡率呈显著下降趋势（AAPC=-1.46%，P=0.011）。［结论］ 肺癌、乳腺癌及消化系统恶性肿瘤是威胁河南省居民健康的主要恶性肿瘤，常见恶性肿瘤的发病与死亡状况呈现出显著的性别与城乡差异，需进一步优化恶性肿瘤防控工作，结合人群特征制订针对性干预策略，提高全人群健康意识。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：［Purpose］ To analyze the cancer incidence and mortality in 2020 and trends from 2010 to 2020 in Henan Province. ［Methods］ Data from cancer registries in Henan Province from 2010 to 2020 were collected and evaluated. Incidence and mortality rates were calculated by urban/rural areas， sex and age， and the incidence and mortality of cancers in the whole province in 2020 were estimated based on population data released by Henan Provincial Bureau of Statistics. Age-standardized rates were calculated according to the age-standardized rate of Chinese standard population(ASIRC/ASMRC) and world standard population(ASIRW/ASMRW). Joinpoint 5.4.0 software was used to construct a regression model to analyze the changing trends of malignant tumors from 2010 to 2020， and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and 95% confidence interval were calculated. ［Results］ In 2020， the estimated number of new cancer cases in Henan Province was 299 148， with a crude incidence rate of 259.38/105， ASIRC of 201.09/105 (204.56/105 for males and 200.45/105 for females) and ASIRW of 196.46/105 (203.43/105 for males and 192.22/105 for females). The ASIRC was higher in urban areas (208.10/105) than that in rural areas (197.74/105). The top five cancer types in male were lung， stomach， liver， esophagus， and colorectal cancers， while the top five in female were breast， lung， thyroid， cervical， and esophageal cancers. The estimated number of cancer deaths was 172 070， with a crude mortality rate of 149.20/105 and ASMRC of 106.52/105(137.22/105 for males and 78.04/105 for females) and ASMRW of 106.24/105 (137.05/105 for males and 77.91/105 for females). The ASMRC was higher in rural areas (109.92/105) than that in urban areas (99.49/105). The top five causes of cancer death in male were lung， stomach， liver， esophagus， and colorectal cancers， and those in female were lung， esophagus， stomach， liver， and breast cancers. From 2010 to 2020， the trends of ASIRC remained stable(AAPC=0.14%， P=0.572)， while the ASMRC showed a significant decreasing trend (AAPC=-1.46%， P=0.011). ［Conclusion］ Lung cancer， breast cancer and digestive system cancers are the main malignant tumors threatening the health of residents in Henan Province. The incidence and mortality of common malignant tumors show significant gender and urban-rural differences. It is necessary to further optimize the prevention and control of malignant tumors， formulate targeted intervention strategies based on population characteristics， and improve the health awareness of the whole population. |
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