| 郭锐敏,杜 君.2012—2021年我国肿瘤科床位数配置状况分析[J].中国肿瘤,2025,34(9):713-717. |
| 2012—2021年我国肿瘤科床位数配置状况分析 |
| Analysis of Oncology Bed Allocation in China from 2012 to 2021 |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-02 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2025.09.A004 |
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| 中文关键词: 肿瘤科 床位数 泰尔指数 公平性 |
| 英文关键词:oncology department bed capacity Theil index equity |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 分析 2012—2021年我国肿瘤科床位数的配置现状及区域差异演变趋势，为优化肿瘤卫生资源配置，推进区域医疗中心建设提供数据支撑。［方法］ 基于《中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴》和《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》2012—2021年的统计数据，采用描述性统计与泰尔指数分解法，从人口公平性维度剖析全国 31 个省（自治区、直辖市）及东、中、西部三大区域的肿瘤科床位配置差异，量化区域间与区域内差异贡献率。［结果］ 全国肿瘤科床位数在2012—2021年间增长 78.54%，泰尔指数从 0.048 9 降至 0.041 6，配置公平性持续改善。区域内差异是总差异的主要来源（贡献率超 60%），其中东部地区内部差异最为显著，而中部地区差异最小且趋于稳定。 ［结论］ 需通过强化政府主导的区域医疗中心建设、推动优质资源下沉、完善基层诊疗设施等措施，缩小东中西部资源配置差距，促进肿瘤医疗资源均衡化发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：［Purpose］ To analyze the evolution of equity in the distribution of oncology bed resources across China from 2012 to 2021. ［Methods］ Based on data from the China Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbook and the China Health Statistical Yearbook from 2012 to 2021， descriptive statistical analysis and the Theil index decomposition method were employed. The analysis focused on disparities in oncology bed distribution across 31 provinces， measured from a population-based equity perspective. Specifically， the Theil index was decomposed to quantify inter-regional (between Eastern， Central， Western China) and intra-regional disparities and their respective contribution rates. ［Results］ The total number of oncology beds in China increased by 78.54% between 2012 and 2021. The overall Theil index decreased from 0.048 9 in 2012 to 0.041 6 in 2021， indicating a continuous improvement in equity of distribution based on population. Intra-regional disparities were the predominant source of the total disparity， with an average contribution rate exceeding 60%. The Eastern region exhibited the highest level of intra-regional disparity， whereas the Central region had the smallest and most stable intra-regional disparity. ［Conclusion］ Targeted measures are recommended， including strengthening government-led development of regional oncology medical centers， facilitating the transfer of quality oncology resources to grassroots levels， and improving basic-level oncology service facilities. These efforts should focus on narrowing the disparities in oncology resource allocation between Eastern， Central， and Western China to promote more balanced development. |
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