| 俞 建,俞 洁,于海燕.浙江省肿瘤登记地区直径≤2.5μm细颗粒物和氮氧化物与肺癌发病率分析[J].中国肿瘤,2020,29(11):859-864. |
| 浙江省肿瘤登记地区直径≤2.5μm细颗粒物和氮氧化物与肺癌发病率分析 |
| An Analysis on PM2.5 , Nitrogen Oxides and Lung Cancer Incidence in Zhejiang Cancer Registration Areas |
| 中文关键词 修订日期：2020-07-20 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2020.11.A012 |
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| 中文关键词: 细颗粒物 二氧化硫 氮氧化物 肺癌 发病率 浙江 肿瘤登记地区 |
| 英文关键词:particulate matter sulfur dioxide nitrogen oxides lung cancer incidence Zhejiang cancer registration areas |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 探讨浙江省肿瘤登记地区直径≤2.5μm细颗粒物(particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5μm，PM2.5)和氮氧化物等空气污染物与肺癌发病率的生态学关联性。［方法］ 浙江省肿瘤登记地区2015年肺癌发病率数据来源于《2018中国肿瘤登记年报》；PM2.5、二氧化硫排放量、氮氧化物排放量和烟(尘）排放量来源于浙江省生态环境监测中心环境统计年报。PM2.5浓度由环境空气颗粒物连续自动检测系统检测而得，系统配置的监测仪器测量方法为β射线吸收法。采用多元回归分析PM2.5等主要空气污染物与肺癌的相关性。［结果］ 浙江省肿瘤登记地区城乡PM2.5浓度、二氧化硫排放量和氮氧化物排放量差异均有统计学意义。以四分位数为界分为4类PM2.5水平地区，Q1(P0~P25)、Q2(P25~P50)、Q3(P50~P75) 和Q4(P75~P100)PM2.5地区的肺癌发病率分别为79.98/10万、86.17/10万、76.04/10万和66.04/10万。不同PM2.5地区肺癌发病率差异有统计学意义（?字2=455.396，P<0.001）。不同单位面积二氧化硫、氮氧化物和烟（尘）排放量地区的肺癌发病率差异均有统计学意义。多元回归分析显示单位面积氮氧化物排放量是肺癌发病率的影响因素。单位面积氮氧化物每增加四分位区间增加肺癌风险（RR=1.151，95%CI：0.000~3.203，P=0.049），PM2.5每增加四分位区间增加肺癌风险，但无统计学意义（RR=1.626，95%CI：-2.809~5.433，P=0.137）。［结论］ 为更好地保护人体健康，应加强氮氧化物和PM2.5等环境污染物排放控制，实时在线监控污染物排放情况，采取一系列措施和行动来减轻大气污染、降低健康风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：［Purpose］ To investigate the ecological correlation of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5μm(PM2.5) and nitrogen oxides with lung cancer incidence in Zhejiang cancer registration areas. ［Methods］ The data of lung cancer incidence in Zhejiang cancer registration areas in 2015 were obtained from China Cancer Registry Annual Report 2018. The PM2.5 concentration and sulfur dioxide，nitrogen oxides and smog(dust) emissions data were obtained from the environmental statistical annual report of Zhejiang Provincial Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center. PM2.5 concentration was measured by the continuous automatic detection system of ambient air particulate matter with β gray absorption method. The correlation between major air pollutants such as PM2.5，nitrogen oxides and lung cancer was analyzed by multiple regression analysis. ［Results］ There were significant differences in PM2.5 concentration，sulfur dioxide emissions and nitrogen oxide emissions between urban and rural areas in Zhejiang cancer registration areas. Based on interquartile range of PM2.5 as the boundary，the lung cancer incidence in Q1(P0~P25)，Q2(P25~P50)，Q3(P50~P75) and Q4(P75~P100) areas was 79.98/105，86.17/105，76.04/105 and 66.04/105，respectively. There was significant difference in incidence of lung cancer in different PM2.5 regions（χ2=455.396，P<0.001）. There were significant differences in lung cancer incidence in areas with different sulfur dioxide per unit area，nitrogen oxide per unit area and smog(dust) emissions per unit area. Multiple regression analysis showed that nitrogen oxides emissions per unit area were the factor affecting the incidence of lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer associated with nitrogen oxide emissions per unit area increased with the increasing of quartile interval of nitrogen oxide emissions per unit area（RR=1.151，95%CI：0.000~3.203，P=0.049），and the risk of lung cancer associated with PM2.5 concentration tended to increase with the increasing of quartile interval of PM2.5 concentration，but there was no significant difference(RR=1.626，95%CI：-2.809~5.433，P=0.137). ［Conclusion］ In order to better protect human health，it should be strengthened to control environmental pollutants emission，such as nitrogen oxides and PM2.5，and a series of measures and actions should be taken to alleviate air pollution and to reduce health risks，particularly the risk of lung cancer. |
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