| 李 丹,刘 硕,周 莹.2007—2016年北京市东城区居民恶性肿瘤发病状况分析[J].中国肿瘤,2020,29(7):490-496. |
| 2007—2016年北京市东城区居民恶性肿瘤发病状况分析 |
| Cancer Incidence in Dongcheng District of Beijing from 2007 to 2016 |
| 中文关键词 修订日期：2019-05-29 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2020.07.A003 |
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| 中文关键词: 恶性肿瘤 发病率 时间趋势 北京 |
| 英文关键词:cancer incidence time trend Beijing |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 分析北京市东城区2007—2016年户籍居民恶性肿瘤发病情况。［方法］ 计算恶性肿瘤分年龄别、性别和各癌种的发病率、构成比、顺位情况，年龄标化发病率按照2010年中国标准人口结构进行标化，并计算标化发病率变化百分比和年度变化百分比。［结果］ 北京市东城区2007—2016年居民恶性肿瘤年均粗发病率为336.30/10万，标化发病率为212.68/10万，标化发病率变化率为35.37%，年均增长4.08%，女性年均变化率高于男性，不论整体还是分性别恶性肿瘤发病率随时间的上升趋势有统计学意义。发病率随年龄的增加而增高，80岁及以上人群发病率最高，70~79岁年龄组发病数最高。前10位恶性肿瘤为肺癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、胃癌、甲状腺癌、肾癌、膀胱癌、淋巴瘤、前列腺癌，占恶性肿瘤发病的75.03%，肺癌居男性发病首位，女性为乳腺癌。男性高发的前5位恶性肿瘤主要分布在50岁及以上人群，女性主要分布在30岁及以上人群。白血病以及脑和中枢神经系统肿瘤是儿童和青少年（20岁以下）最常见的恶性肿瘤，青年和中年（20~59岁）人群易发甲状腺癌、乳腺癌和肝癌，60岁以上老人易发肺癌和结直肠癌。［结论］ 北京市东城区户籍居民恶性肿瘤发病率偶有波动，但整体呈现上升趋势，女性恶性肿瘤上升趋势高于男性。女性应重视与内分泌和生殖系统相关肿瘤的早期筛查和行为干预，男性应重视呼吸系统和消化系统肿瘤的行为干预和改变，肿瘤早期筛查和生活方式干预仍是防控的主要措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：［Purpose］ To analyze the cancer incidence data in Dongcheng district of Beijing from 2007 to 2016. ［Methods］ The cancer incidence rate，proportion and rank stratified by age，gender and cancer sites were analyzed. The Chinese standard population in 2010 was applied for age-standardized incidence(ASR) rate. Percentage change(PC) and annual percentage change (APC) for ASR were calculated. ［Results］ From 2007 to 2016，the averaged crude incidence rate of cancer in Dongcheng district was 336.30/105，while ASR China was 212.68/105，with the PC and APC of 35.37% and 4.08% respectively. And the APC was higher in females than that in males. For both total population and each gender groups，the APC for ASR was statistically higher which represented an overall increasing trend of cancer incidence rates. The incidence rate increased with aging of the population. The highest incidence rate was observed in the age group of 80 and above，while the population aged 70 to 79 years old had the greatest number of cancer cases. The top 10 common cancers were lung cancer，colorectal cancer，breast cancer，liver cancer，stomach cancer，thyroid cancer，kidney cancer，bladder cancer，lymphoma and prostate cancer，which was accounting for 75.03% of total cancer cases. Lung cancer was the most common cancer in males and breast cancer was the most common cancer in females. The top 5 most common cancers in male were mainly found in people over 50 years old，while in female the top 5 most common cancers were mainly found in people over 30 years old. The most common cancers for children and adolescents (<20 years old) were leukemia and brain & central nervous system cancer. While thyroid cancer，breast cancer and liver cancer were the top 3 most common cancer in young and middle-aged people(20~59 years old). And lung cancer and colorectal cancer were two most common cancer in people over 60 years old. ［Conclusion］ The general pattern of cancer incidence in Dongcheng district of Beijing presented an increasing trend with slightly fluctuation from 2007 to 2016. And the incidence rate for females increased faster than males during the same time period. For females，early screening and behavioral intervention might help prevent endocrine and reproductive system-related tumors，while for males behavioral intervention might help prevent respiratory and digestive system tumors. Early screening and detection for cancer and lifestyle intervention remain as the main resolution for cancer prevention and control. |
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