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| 2022年广西壮族自治区肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤流行情况分析 |
| Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Cancer Registration Areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 2022 |
| 投稿时间：2026-07-14 修订日期：2026-07-20 |
| DOI： |
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| 中文关键词: 恶性肿瘤 发病 死亡 流行情况 肿瘤登记 |
| 英文关键词:malignant tumor incidence mortality epidemiological characteristics cancer registration |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析2022年广西壮族自治区（以下简称广西）肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤流行情况，为广西恶性肿瘤防治提供参考。方法 收集2022年广西99个县（市、区）的肿瘤登记资料，按城乡、性别、年龄及癌种进行分层分析。计算恶性肿瘤粗发病率（crude incidence rate，CIR）、粗死亡率（crude mortality rate，CMR）、0~74岁累积率以及35~64岁截缩率。采用2000年中国人口普查及Segi世界标准人口年龄构成分别计算中国人口标化发病率（age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population, ASIRC）和标化死亡率（age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population, ASMRC），以及世界人口标化发病率（age-standardized incidence rate by world standard population, ASIRW）和标化死亡率（age-standardized mortality rate by world standard population, ASMRW）。结果 2022年广西恶性肿瘤新发病例116 793例，CIR、ASIRC和ASIRW分别为232.72/10万、175.68/10万和169.36/10万，0～74岁累积发病率为19.54%，35～64岁截缩发病率为303.84/10万；死亡病例73 356例，CMR、ASMRC和ASMRW分别为146.17/10万、102.13/10万和100.52/10万，0～74岁累积死亡率为11.85%，35～64岁截缩死亡率为150.63/10万。发病顺位前10位恶性肿瘤依次为肺癌、肝癌、女性乳腺癌、结直肠癌、子宫颈癌、甲状腺癌、胃癌、子宫体癌、前列腺癌和鼻咽癌，合计占全部恶性肿瘤新发病例的75.4%。死亡顺位前10位恶性肿瘤依次为肝癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、女性乳腺癌、子宫颈癌、食管癌、鼻咽癌、前列腺癌和白血病，合计占全部恶性肿瘤死亡病例的79.2%。从城乡分布看，城市地区ASIRC和ASMRC分别为188.11/10万和105.84/10万，高于农村地区的168.59/10万和100.17/10万；城市和农村地区发病首位癌种分别为肺癌和肝癌，死亡首位癌种均为肝癌。从性别分布看，男性ASIRC和ASMRC分别为192.71/10万和138.71/10万，高于女性的160.68/10万和65.67/10万；男性和女性发病首位癌种分别为肝癌和乳腺癌，死亡首位癌种分别为肝癌和肺癌。从年龄分布看，发病率和死亡率总体随年龄增长呈上升趋势，低年龄组主要癌种为白血病、脑肿瘤和淋巴瘤等，中老年组则以肝癌、肺癌和结直肠癌为主。结论 2022年广西肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤疾病负担在性别、年龄和城乡间存在差异，应结合不同地区和重点人群癌谱特征，建立并落实肿瘤精准综合防控策略。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malignant tumors in cancer registration areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) in 2022 and provide a reference for cancer prevention and control. [Methods] Cancer registration data from 99 counties (cities and districts) in Guangxi in 2022 were collected and stratified by area, sex, age, and cancer site. The crude incidence rate (CIR), crude mortality rate (CMR), cumulative rate for ages 0-74 years, and truncated rate for ages 35-64 years were calculated. The age-standardized incidence rate and mortality rate by Chinese standard population (ASIRC and ASMRC) were calculated using the age structure of the Chinese population from the 2000 National Population Census, while the age-standardized incidence rate and mortality rate by world standard population (ASIRW and ASMRW) were calculated using Segi''s world standard population. [Results] In 2022, 116 793 new cancer cases were reported in Guangxi. The CIR, ASIRC, and ASIRW were 232.72, 175.68, and 169.36 per 100 000 population, respectively. The cumulative incidence rate for ages 0-74 years was 19.54%, and the truncated incidence rate for ages 35-64 years was 303.84 per 100 000 population. A total of 73 356 cancer deaths were reported. The CMR, ASMRC, and ASMRW were 146.17, 102.13, and 100.52 per 100 000 population, respectively. The cumulative mortality rate for ages 0-74 years was 11.85%, and the truncated mortality rate for ages 35-64 years was 150.63 per 100 000 population. The 10 leading cancers by incidence were lung cancer, liver cancer, female breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, thyroid cancer, stomach cancer, corpus uteri cancer, prostate cancer, and nasopharyngeal cancer, collectively accounting for 75.4% of all new cancer cases. The 10 leading causes of cancer death were liver cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, stomach cancer, female breast cancer, cervical cancer, esophageal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, prostate cancer, and leukemia, collectively accounting for 79.2% of all cancer deaths. The ASIRC and ASMRC were 188.11 and 105.84 per 100 000 population in urban areas, respectively, higher than those in rural areas (168.59 and 100.17 per 100 000 population, respectively). Lung cancer ranked first in incidence in urban areas, whereas liver cancer ranked first in rural areas; liver cancer was the leading cause of cancer death in both areas. The ASIRC and ASMRC were 192.71 and 138.71 per 100 000 population in males, respectively, higher than those in females (160.68 and 65.67 per 100 000 population, respectively). Liver cancer and breast cancer ranked first in incidence among males and females, respectively, while liver cancer and lung cancer were the leading causes of cancer death among males and females, respectively. Cancer incidence and mortality rates generally increased with age. Leukemia, brain tumors, and lymphoma were the predominant cancers in younger age groups, whereas liver, lung, and colorectal cancers predominated among middle-aged and older populations. [Conclusion] The cancer burden in Guangxi in 2022 varied by sex, age, and area. Targeted and comprehensive cancer prevention and control strategies should be developed and implemented according to the cancer profiles of different areas and priority populations. |
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