| Objective: To investigate the epidemiological traits and disease burden of lung cancer in the Hunan cancer registration regions in 2022 and analyze the trends over time from 2015 to 2022. Methods: Using data collected from Hunan cancer registration areas from 2015 to 2022, the incidence and mortality were described by calculating crude rates, age-standardized rates based on the Chinese standard population (ASRC) and Segi’s world standard population (ASRW), as well as age-specific and cumulative rates.Temporal trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression to estimate the Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC). The burden of disease was evaluated using the World Health Organization (WHO) methodology, including years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Results: In 2022, the crude incidence rate of lung cancer in Hunan Province was 74.10 per 100,000, with an ASIRC of 40.10 per 100,000 and an ASIRW of 40.17 per 100,000. The cumulative incidence rate (0~74 years) was 5.09%. The crude mortality rate was 57.53 per 100,000, with an ASMRC of 29.25 per 100,000 and an ASMRW of 29.22 per 100,000. The cumulative mortality rate (0~74 years) was 3.60%. The ASIRC and ASIRW were higher in male (56.57 and 45.16 per 100,000, respectively) than in female (24.00 and 13.79 per 100,000, respectively). Urban areas had higher ASIRC and ASIRW (45.05 and 31.61 per 100,000, respectively) than rural areas (38.54 and 28.50 per 100,000, respectively). Age-specific incidence and mortality rates increased with age, peaking at 75–79 years for incidence and 80–84 years for mortality. From 2015 to 2022, the ASIRC showed an initial increase followed by a decline, while ASMRC remained relatively stable. In 2022, the total DALYs attributable to lung cancer were 273,174 person-years, with a DALY rate of 4.56‰. Males accounted for 74.35% and females for 26.65% of total DALYs, while rural areas contributed a substantially higher proportion (74.62%) than urban areas (25.38%). Conclusion: Lung cancer incidence and mortality rates in Hunan Province are still high, with the disease burden mainly due to early mortality. Strengthening public health education and promoting early screening early diagnosis, and early treatment of lung cancer are essential to reduce the disease burden. |
