| Abstract: [Purpose] To analyze the population risk assessment and clinical screening results of Cancer Screening Program in Urban Hunan Province 2012 to 2024, and to provide evidence for optimizing local cancer prevention and control strategies. [Methods] Permanent residents aged 40–74 years from multiple cities and prefectures in Hunan Province were selected for cancer risk assessment. Individuals identified as high risk underwent clinical screening for lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, upper gastrointestinal cancer, and liver cancer. The high-risk rate, screening compliance rate, and detection rate of positive lesions were calculated for each cancer type. [Results] From 2012 to 2024, a total of 475,153 individuals completed risk assessment, yielding an overall high-risk rate of 43.84%. A total of 389,177 high-risk cancer-type person-times were identified, and 158,982 corresponding clinical screenings were completed, resulting in an overall compliance rate of 40.85%. Males showed a higher compliance rate than females (44.03% vs. 39.20%). Among cancer types, breast cancer had the highest compliance rate (51.64%), while colorectal cancer had the lowest (26.83%). A total of 11,738 positive lesions were detected through clinical screening, with an overall detection rate of 7.38%. The detection rate was highest for lung cancer (14.86%), followed by colorectal cancer (5.17%), breast cancer (3.88%), gastric cancer (3.10%), liver cancer (1.42%), and esophageal cancer (0.57%). [Conclusion] The Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Program in Hunan Province has achieved certain effectiveness in identifying high-risk populations and detecting positive lesions. However, the overall screening compliance rate still needs to be improved, particularly by enhancing compliance with colorectal cancer screening and strengthening targeted mobilization and follow-up management among key populations such as older adults. |
