| [Objective] To analyze the detection status and influencing factors of upper gastrointestinal cancer in Lianshui County participating in the early diagnosis and treatment project of Huaihe River Basin in Jiangsu Province, and provide a basis for optimizing local upper gastrointestinal cancer screening strategies. [Methods] As one of the observation sites in the rural areas of the Huai River Basin in Jiangsu Province, Lianshui County employed cluster sampling to select local residents aged 40-74 for upper gastrointestinal cancer risk assessment from 2016 to 2025. Endoscopy examiners were determined based on the assessment of high-risk populations and annual screening quotas. Subsequently, screening results were confirmed through gastroscopy and pathological diagnosis. [Results] During the 10-year period from 2016 to 2025, upper gastrointestinal cancer screening was conducted in 10 townships of Lianshui County, identifying 9,787 high-risk individuals with a high-risk rate of 49.38%. A total of 8,252 endoscopic examinations were completed, with a biopsy and pathological examination rate of 51.60%. The positive detection rate of esophageal cancer was 1.39%, and the early diagnosis rate was 79.13%. The positive detection rate of esophageal gastric junction cancer and gastric cancer was 0.38%, and the early diagnosis rate was 38.17%. Based on the analysis of risk factors for upper gastrointestinal cancer, male gender, advanced age, smoking history, consumption of hot food, intake of pickled foods, a family history of upper gastrointestinal cancer, and lower educational level were associated with a high risk of positive upper gastrointestinal lesions (P<0.05). [Conclusion] Lianshui, as a high incidence area of esophageal cancer, has achieved good results in screening of esophageal cancer. The screening coverage and follow-up should be further strengthened in order to reduce the incidence rate and mortality of local esophageal cancer. For esophageal gastric junction cancer and gastric cancer, the positive detection rate and early diagnosis rate in Lianshui are relatively low, indicating that the screening, early diagnosis and treatment level of esophageal gastric junction cancer and gastric cancer in Lianshui area urgently needs to be improved. |
